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The Royal Literary Fund (RLF) is a benevolent fund set up to help published British writers in financial difficulties.〔("Grants for writers in need", The Society of Authors. )〕〔(Royal Literary Fund. )〕 It was founded in 1790 by Reverend David Williams, who was inspired to set up the Fund by the death in debtors' prison of a translator of Plato's dialogues, Floyer Sydenham. Ever since then, the charity has received bequests and donations, including royal patronage.〔(Janet Adam Smith, ''The Royal Literary Fund: A Short History''/ )〕 In 1818 the Fund was granted a royal charter, and was permitted to add "Royal" to its title in 1845.〔(Oxford Reference. )〕 The Royal Literary Fund has given assistance to many distinguished writers over its history, including Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Samuel Rousseau, François-René de Chateaubriand, Thomas Love Peacock, Colin Mackenzie, James Hogg, Leigh Hunt, Thomas Hood, Richard Jefferies, Joseph Conrad, D. H. Lawrence, James Joyce, Ivy Compton-Burnett, Richard Ryan (biographer), Regina Maria Roche and Mervyn Peake.〔 It also helped very many more struggling authors who found themselves in dire poverty and/or poor health in the period before social security, through small grants. Throughout the nineteenth century and until 1939 much of the charity's money came from an annual fund-raising dinner at which major public and literary figures (including Gladstone, Lord Palmerston, Dr Livingstone, Stanley Baldwin, Charles Dickens, Thackeray, Robert Browning, J. M. Barrie and Rudyard Kipling) exhorted guests to make generous donations.〔 Current funds include the income from these earlier investments and from royalties bequeathed by writers. Among the estates from which the Fund earns royalties are those of the First World War poet Rupert Brooke, the novelists Somerset Maugham and G. K. Chesterton and children's writers Arthur Ransome and A. A. Milne.〔 ==Fellowship Scheme== Income from the A. A. Milne estate has enabled the RLF to establish a Fellowship Scheme〔("About the Fellowship Scheme", RLF. )〕 to place professional writers in universities in the UK. The Fellowship Scheme was established in 1999 under the guidance of Hilary Spurling.〔("Articles on the Scheme" ), RLF.〕 It provides a stipend for established writers to work in universities and colleges〔("Partner Institutions", RLF. )〕 to help students and staff to develop their writing skills, concentrating particularly on academic writing. Writers employed include novelists, playwrights, poets, translators, writers of non-fiction and of children's books. By the end of 2006, there were 77 Fellows in 47 institutions throughout the mainland UK. The Fellowship Scheme also undertakes research into the state of writing among British students and school pupils and is proactive in promoting the development of writing skills. Between 2002 and 2005 a group of Project Fellowships existed to carry out research into how the work for the Fellowship could be furthered in the future.〔("Research", RLF. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Royal Literary Fund」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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